Linear epitope landscape of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein constructed from 1,051 COVID-19 patients

Summary To fully decipher the immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein, it is essential to assess which part highly immunogenic in a systematic way. We generate linear epitope landscape protein by analyzing serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) response 1,051 disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with peptide microarray. reveal two regions rich epitopes, i.e., C-terminal domain (CTD) and region close S2? cleavage site fusion peptide. Unexpectedly, we find that receptor binding (RBD) lacks epitope. number responsive peptides variable among correlates severity. Some are moderately associated severity clinical outcome. By immunizing mice, obtain linear-epitope-specific antibodies; however, no significant neutralizing activity against authentic virus observed for these antibodies. This will facilitate our understanding SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral responses might be useful vaccine refinement.